django使用channel时的docker部署方法

秦羽 2022-03-03 PM 466℃ 1条

## 背景

- 因为要在django使用websocket所以引入了channel
- 在不引入channel前使用docker+uwsgi+nginx部署
- 引入channel后使用docker+uwsgi+daphne+nginx部署
- 以下教程均在原有部署基础上（不使用channel）所做修改

## 方法

- 在原有基础上增加`docker-compose.yml`配置，增加后配置如下：

```
version: "3"
services:
  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    volumes:
      - "./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw"
      - "./mysql/log:/var/log/mysql:rw"
      - "./mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf:rw"
      - "./mysql/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files:rw"
      #- "./mysql/data.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/data.sql"
    ports:
      - "30000:3306"
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=***
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    networks:
      - db-network
      - web-network
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "2g"
  app:
    restart: always
    build: ./app
    image: "teach-app:latest"
    ports:
      - 30001:8000
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    volumes:
      - ./app:/app
    command: uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini
    networks:
      - web-network
      - db-network
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "2g"

# 此处是新增的配置,ProjectName是django项目名称
  app.asgi:
    image: "teach-app:latest"
    command: /usr/local/bin/daphne ProjectName.asgi:application -b 0.0.0.0 -p 8001
    ports:
      - 30002:8001
    depends_on:
      - redis

redis:
    image: redis:latest
    ports:
      - 16379:6379
    networks:
      - redis-network
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "2g"
networks:
  web-network:
    driver: bridge
  db-network:
    driver: bridge
  redis-network:
    driver: bridge
```

- 在原有基础上增加nginx配置

```
server {
    listen         80;
    server_name   xxx.xxx.com;

charset UTF-8;
    access_log      /var/log/nginx/teach__access.log;
    error_log       /var/log/nginx/teach__error.log;

client_max_body_size 75M;

location / {
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:30001;
        uwsgi_read_timeout 180;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
    }
	
	# 此处是新增配置
    location /ws {
       proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:30002;
       proxy_http_version 1.1;
       proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
       proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
       proxy_redirect     off;
       proxy_set_header   Host $host;
       proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
       proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;
       proxy_read_timeout  36000s;
       proxy_send_timeout  36000s;
    }
	
    location /static {
        expires 30d;
        autoindex off;
        add_header Cache-Control private;
        alias /home/teach/app/dist/static/;
     }
 }

```

## 常见问题

- 若启动daphne报错提示没有模块，可检查是否在django项目根目录增加`asgi.py`，内容如下：

```python
"""
ASGI entrypoint. Configures Django and then runs the application
defined in the ASGI_APPLICATION setting.
"""

import os
import django
from channels.routing import get_default_application

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "FuncTranParamsTeachServer.settings")
django.setup()
application = get_default_application()
```

- 若报错`Django Channels Error - Cannot import BACKEND 'asgi_redis.RedisChannelLayer'`，可能是没有安装`channels-redis`

```
pip install channels-redis
```

- 若前端连接websocket连接失败，但后端显示连接成功后关闭，检查是否有`self.accept()`

```
class WSService(WebsocketConsumer):
    # 当Websocket创建连接时
    def connect(self):
        self.accept()
```

- 注意配置websocket的urls时的写法，我测试时好像根据channel版本不同，写法好像不太一样，可自己尝试

```
# urls.py
from django.urls import path
from server.ws import WSService

websocket_url = [
	# 写法一
    path(r"ws/<str:token>/", WSService)
    # 写法二
	# path(r"ws/<str:token>/", WSService.as_asgi())
]
```

## 参考

https://xhongc.github.io/docker-django-daphne-gunicorn-nginx.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao987334176/p/14465412.html
https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_41292836/article/details/107173795

标签: docker, docker-compose, channel, django-channel, daphne

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